9/12/2023 0 Comments Sputum gram negative rods![]() Historically, the kingdom Monera was divided into four divisions based on Gram staining: Firmacutes (+), Gracillicutes (−), Mollicutes (0) and Mendocutes (var.). Most, with few exceptions, do not form sporesĪlong with cell shape, Gram staining is a rapid diagnostic tool and once was used to group species at the subdivision of Bacteria.Some contain Braun's lipoprotein, which serves as a link between the outer membrane and the peptidoglycan chain by a covalent bond.Lipoproteins are attached to the polysaccharide backbone.Teichoic acids or lipoteichoic acids are absent.If present, flagella have four supporting rings instead of two.The S-layer is directly attached to the outer membrane rather than to the peptidoglycan.Between the outer membrane and the cytoplasmic membrane there is a space filled with a concentrated gel-like substance called periplasm.Porins exist in the outer membrane, which act like pores for particular molecules. ![]()
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